四、介绍目的常用动词
1.研究：study, investigate, examine, observe, explore
举例：Our objective in this report is to examine the clinical feature, pathology and treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer.
2.评价：evaluate, validate
举例：To evaluate sonography as a tool for initial diagnosis in emergency room patients with abdominal trauma.
3.确定：determine, decide, confirm, support, define, characterize
4.证实：prove, demonstrate, document, test, support, testify, verify
5.阐明、搞清：explain, elucidate, clarify, illustrate, delineate, find out, contribute to the knowledge of
6.介绍：describe, present, report
7.建立：establish, develop, set out
8.寻找：search for, look for, seek, find
9.识别、区分：identify, differentiate, discriminate
10.优选：optimize
11.比较：compare
12.回顾：review
13.相关：correlate A with B
方法部分
(1)研究设计
(2)研究对象的特性
(3)干预或处理方法
(4)测定或观察方法
一、 研究对象的选择、来源及标准
1.纳入研究：were entered into/enrolled in/selected (randomly)
举例：A total of 169 patients were included in the study, 83 of whom received……
2.排除或退出研究：were excluded from participation，withdrew from the study due to/because to
举例：……Patients with significant aortic valvular diseases were excluded.
二、 研究对象的分组
1.……were divided into/classified/grouped into
2.……were divided randomly/randomized into
3.…… were divided equally into
举例：Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1…… Patients (n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole, ……
三、 年龄
1.某一年龄
举例：A 50-year-old patient. Patients (age 26±3 years).
2.在某年龄范围内及平均年龄
举例：Patients range in age from …to…, with a mean of (50 years).
3.在某一年龄以上或以下
举例：Patients more than 50 years. Patients under/less than 50 years.
四、 性别、时间
1.性别
twelve patients (7 male and 5 female )
The male-to-female ratio was 1:4
2.时间
Body weight was measured weekly, and liver biopsy was obtained at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. ……
五、 诊断与治疗
1.诊断
be diagnosed as having …
be diagnosed as …by …/with …?be suspected as …
2.治疗
be treated with…(alone or in combination with …)
be treated on outpatient/inpatient basis
举例：
(1)Patients (n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole,…
(2)50 patients with active bleeding duodenal ulcer were randomly assigned to receive one of the four treatment regimens. …
结果部分
1.是文章结论的根据
2.应记录真实的科研数据
3.除指示性说明外，一般用过去时表示
一、 常用句型
1.结果表明：The results showed / demonstrated / revealed / documented / indicated/suggested…that…?It was found that…
举例：The results showed that high thigh cuff Doppler technique was 79 percent sensitive, 56 percent specific and 63 percent accurate.
2.与…有关：A was related / correlated /associated with B. There was a relationship /correlation between A and B. There was a relation of A with B and C
举例：Insulin sensitivity index was negatively with blood velocity (r=0.530, P<0.05), body mass index (r=o.563, P<0.01) and baseline insulinemia (r=0.489, P<0.05)
3.增加或减少
(1)表示数值增加的动词：increase, rise, elevate
(2)表示数值增加的名词：increase, increment, elevation
(3)表示数值减少的动词：decrease, reduce, fall, drop, decline, lower
(4)表示数值减少的名词：decrease, decrement, reduction, fall, drop, decline, lowering
(5)从…增加到…，平均增加…：increase from …to …, with a mean/average (increase) of …
(6)从…增加到…，总的增加…：increase from …to …, with an overall increase of …
(7)增加了10%：increase by (10%)
4.倍数比较