论文编号:WL240 论文字数:19714,页数:32
摘 要
货运车辆作为运输的载体，直接影响到货运能力、货运质量、货运安全。然而长期以来，人们习惯单纯以运输谈运输就车辆论车辆，仅考虑如何把货物运到，很少把货物、货运车辆及其周边设备作为整体系统来进行研究，也较少涉及将货运车辆与整个物流链联系起来，导致运输成本居高不下、运输效率低以及运输质量无法保证等潜在问题。因此，除了要注重运输管理和调度外，还必须高度关注货运车辆与物流的整体性与协调性，根据货物的属性、特点，选择合适的车辆、线路，实现现代物流多赢的目的。
本论文首先从货物配装问题的构成要素入手，包括货物、车辆、配送中心、客户、约束条件和目标函数等要素的属性进行系统分析，接着根据物流运输系统的特点和要求，分别阐述配送中心的货运车辆种类、作业流程、理货和装车的原则和配送网络四个方面。依据以上理论和实际研究为基础，分析物流运输与货运车辆的关系，结合货运车辆的发展现状及趋势，从运输经济性、快速性和安全性三个方面对多车型的货物配装中货运车辆的选择进行评价分析。同时根据每个评价指标的不同性质和特点，尝试运用层次分析方法，最后结合杭州准点物流公司的实例，构建定量分析和定性分析相结合的货运车辆选择评价模型，求解出最优的货物配载方案。
【关键词】货运车辆、配送中心、车辆选择、层次分析法
ABSTRACT
Vehicles are the carries of the transportation，which relate to the transportation capability、quality and safety，but in a long term，people used to believing that the transportation is the transportation and the vehicles are the vehicles，just thinking about how to transport the goods to the destination，and rarely treated the transportation、vehicles and the related facilities as one whole research object，the idea to connect the transportation vehicles and the supply chain are less referred to the problems which help understand the high cost and the low efficiency and the uncertain quality of the transportation. Therefore，we should not only focus on the transportation management and distribution，but also on the integration and the coordination of vehicles and logistics. According to the characters of the cargo，then to choose the proper vehicles and the route，all of these lead to a win-win situation in logistics.
In the first place，the factors of the cargo loading problems are analyzed in the article，including the systemic analysis of the cargo、vehicle distribution center、customer、the constraint conditions and the objective function etc. in the second place，the four aspects of the distribution are explained according to the characters and requirement in the logistic system，such as the kinds of the transportation vehicles、operation process、the principle of the tally and loading、distribution net work. According to such the theories and the average research，the AHP model is applied in the analysis，including three aspects that are transportation economic、transportation speed and transportation safety，such the analysis tends to select the proper cargo vehicle and to design the model for the selection and evaluation of the cargo vehicle，which combines the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. According to the different characters of every evaluation，the model for the cargo vehicle choice and evaluation is proved，and the statistical Spearman rank correlation coefficient is brought in to analyze the reliability of the dimensionless method. In the end，with the example of the M company group and the A distribution company， it is scientific and practical and the optimum plan could be given by this method.
【Key words】: Distribution center，Freight loading，Transportation vehicle selection，Dimensionless method
目 录
第一章 引言1
第一节 选题意义1
第二节 国内外研究现状2
第三节 研究内容4
第二章 货物配装概述5
第一节 货物配装的概念5
第二节 货物配装的基本原则5
第三节 货物配装的方法6
第三章 货物配装系统规划8
第一节 货物配装系统的组成8
第二节 货物配装车辆的选择10
第三节 货物配装的作业流程15
第四章 杭州准点物流有限公司货物配装优化17
第一节 杭州准点物流有限公司简介17
第二节 杭州准点物流有限公司货物配装存在的问题18
第三节 杭州准点物流有限公司货物配装系统的优化18
第四节 层次分析法在货物配装中的应用20
第五章 结论26
参考文献27
致谢28
杭州准点物流有限公司货物运输中的配装问题研究......