工伤保险与事故预防

论文编号:AQ003 字数:15867,页数:20

摘要

工伤保险是针对工业化社会客观存在的工伤事故和职业危害所强制采取的保障工伤职工基本权益的一项社会保险。工伤保险是社会保险体系中在世界范围内开展最早、实施范围最广的项目。工伤事故不仅是劳动者面临的普通风险，对于企业经营者而言也是如此。目前，全世界已有160多个国家和地区进行了工伤保险立法，并确立了工伤保险制度。我国政府历来十分重视职工的合法权益。建国50年来，国内的工伤保险事业也得到了一定的发展。然而由于我国人口多、底子薄，工业化进程缓慢，加上缺乏经验，在管理模式、基金筹集、工伤范围及待遇等方面均存在不少问题，分析市场经济条件下发挥工伤保险事故预防机制对建立我国安全生产长效机制十分重要。因此，有必要通过分析我国工伤保险现状及存在的问题，借鉴发达国家的先进管理经验，结合我国企业安全生产实际，通过建立和完善工伤保险与事故预防相结合的机制，利用工伤保险费率的杠杆调节作用，促进企业增加安全投入，改善企业的安全生产状况，实现安全生产，建立安全生产长效机制。

关键词 工伤保险 工伤事故 事故预防 现状 经验

Abstract

Of all kinds of social securities, industrial injury insurance is the longest in history, the most extensive project. The carrying out of industrial injury insurance system is also an important subject of modern

Law system. Industrial injury accidents are common risks, not only to workers, but also to managers of enterprises. According to the ILO＇statistics, the loss caused by Industrial injury accidents all over the

world accounts to 5 percent of the Gross National Products(GDP). By now,

now, more than 160 countries and areas have enacted laws about Industrial injury accidents, and established the Industrial injury accidents system.

Our country has joined in WTO, whether the Industrial injury insurance system is normal or not will directly impact our trade with the other members of WTO. Our party and country have constantly attached importance to workers＇benefits. From the Regulation of Chinese Labor Insurance in 1951 to the Regulation of Industrial Injury Insurance in 2004,our country＇industrial injury insurance system had passed over 50 years＇time. But because of some reasons, the industrial injury insurance system is not very complete, and there are many problems, especially the combination of industrial injury insurance and accidents prevention. So it is necessary to analyze the present state of industrial injury insurance and its problems , draw on advanced management experience of developed countries, associate the actual safety production state of the enterprises of our country, establish and perfect the combing mechanism of industrial injury insurance and accidents prevention, and make use of the lever regulation effects of industrial injury insurance rate, in order to promote enterprises to increase safety inputs, improve enterprises＇safety production condition, accomplish safety production and set up a long efficient system of safety production.

Key words industrial injury insurance industrial injury accidents accidents prevention actual state experience

目录

摘要............................................................................1

Abstract.........................................................................1

1 引言.........................................................................3

2 我国工伤保险存在的问题及分析...................................................4

2.1 我国工伤保险制度发展历程....................................................4

2.2 最近几年工伤保险存在问题....................................................5

2.3 现行工伤保险在与事故预防上的结合............................................7

2.3.1 确定了工伤预防的工伤保险功能，但在工伤预防上只有务虚的法律表述.............7

2.3.2 过于偏重补偿,而将工伤预防置于次要地位.....................................7

2.3.3 提出了工伤保险与事故预防、职业康复相结合的要求，然而不具备可操作性........7

2.4 工伤保险的问题分析..........................................................10

3 国外工伤保险发展情况..........................................................12

4 国内外工伤保险制度比较分析....................................................12

5 建议.........................................................................13

5.1 扩大工伤保险的覆盖面........................................................13

5.2 提高工伤保险的统筹层次......................................................13

5.3 建立科学和规范的费率机制....................................................14

5.4 完善劳动安全卫生制度........................................................14

5.5 加快立法，规范制度..........................................................14

6 结语：树立长远目标和近期目标..................................................14

6.1长远目标....................................................................15

6.2近期目标.....................................................................16

结 论.........................................................................17

致 谢.........................................................................18

参 考 文 献....................................................................19