论文编号:LS171论文字数:14908,页数:17
论宋代科举制度的变革及其启示
摘要
宋代科举取士成为选拔官吏的重要途径和教育制度的重要组成部分。不断变化的宋代社会政治、经济、文化及阶层关系，对科举考试提出了新的要求。为此，科举制度也进行着“与时俱进”的变革和发展。殿试制度化，开科时间规范化，取士范围扩大化，制度实施进一步灵活、公平化，总体上使宋代科举制度呈现出规范性、广泛性、灵活性等特征，其变革与宋代社会发展相适应。既选拔了大量人才，加强了封建中央集权，又维护社会稳定，促进宋人文化素质的提高和传统文化的建构及传播。这既是科举制度自身发展和宋代社会内在要求的产物，也是宋代统治者理想的反映和高度重视的结果。探讨宋代科举制度的变革及其启示，可为今天教育的改革发展和人才选拔机制的完善提供有益借鉴和参考，进而促进社会主义和谐社会的建设。
关键词: 宋代 科举制度 变革 启示
Talk about change and enlightenment of imperial examination system of Song Dynasty
Abstract： Imperial examinations chose scholars as officials and became important route and important component of the education system of choosing the government official in Song Dynasty. Constantly changeable society and politics, economy, culture and stratum‘s relation of Song Dynasty, have put forward the new requirement for the imperial examinations examination. For this reason, change and development that imperial examination system is " growing with each passing hour " too. Final imperial examination institutionalized, turn on department time standardization, choose scholars as officials range magnify, it is further flexible fair to take for system to implement, make imperial examination system demonstrate characteristics such as the regulatory, extensive, flexibility,etc. in Song Dynasty generally, it is in conformity with social development of Song Dynasty that it is improved. Choose a large number of talents, strengthen feudal centralization, also safeguard the social stability, promote Song people improvement and to build, construct and travel traditional culture of cutural dynamics. This since imperial examination system is developed and inherent result that required of society in Song Dynasty, it is ruler’s ideal reflection and result of great attention of Song Dynasty too. Probe into Song Dynasty change and their enlightenment of imperial examination system, can choose completion of the mechanism offer helpful reference and consult reform and development with talent that educate today, and then promote the construction of the socialist harmonious society.
Keyword：Song dynasty Imperial examination system Change Enlightenment
目录
引言．1
文献综述．1
研究方法．2
讨论与分析.......................................................3
宋代科举制度的变革．3
1.宋代科举制度变革的社会背景．3
2.宋代科举制度变革的状况．4
（1）宋代科举制度的规范性特征5
（2）宋代科举制度的广泛性特征5
（3）宋代科举制度的灵活性特征6
（4）宋代科举制度的公平性特征.. ．7
宋代科举制度变革的历史功能和作用．8
1.科举制度变革的政治功能．8
2.科举制度变革的文化教育功能．9
3.科举制度变革的社会功能......．10
宋代科举制度变革的启示．11
1.对教育改革与发展的启示.............11
（1）追求教育公平公正............12
（2）实施素质教育适应国民经济发展和社会进步，推进教育改革13
（3）和谐社会对教育改革与发展的要求14
2.对各类人才选拔的启示............．14
（1）公务员选拔机制的完善...........．14
（2）其他行业人才选拔...........................．15
结论.................................................16
参考文献．17
论宋代科举制度的变革及其启示......