城市农民工子女义务教育问题研究

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摘要

随着我国城市化进程的加快及其城乡分割的社会管理制度和二元化教育体制的制约，城市没有来得及为农民工子女的教育提供相应的配套服务，进城农民工子女义务教育随之凸显。本文将从造成进城农民工子女义务教育[1]问题的制度性原因，从理论的角度对农民工子女义务教育的价值进行分析，以改革和完善义务教育管理制度为切入点，建立健全多渠道接纳农民工子女接受义务教育的工作制度，提出加强进城农民工子女义务教育制度化建设的对策。本文主要从以下三个方面进行阐述：一是城市农民工子女义务教育问题的背景；二是城市农民工子女义务教育存在的主要问题及原因；三是城市农民工子女义务教育问题的出路。对策立足于打破城乡界限，消除教育歧视，以制度化的形式有关政策固定下来和有效落实，促进农民工子女的义务教育问题的解决，保障进城农民工子女的教育权利，体现义务教育的公平性和人本思想。

关键词：农民工子女 户籍制度 义务教育 法制化 教育体制

Abstract

As China’s urbanization process and the acceleration of urban and rural areas separated from the social management system and the dual constraints of the education system, not enough time for the city the education of children of migrant workers to provide the appropriate support services, migrant workers with children of compulsory education The highlights. This paper will be the children of migrant workers in cities caused by the compulsory education system of reasons, from a theoretical point of compulsory education for children of migrant workers the value of the analysis, to reform and improve the management system of compulsory education for entry points, and establish and improve multi-channel farmers accepted The system of compulsory education for their children, migrant workers to strengthen the institutionalization of children of compulsory education building measures. This article from the following three areas described: First, urban children of compulsory education of migrant workers of the background of the children of migrant workers in cities compulsory education the main problems and causes of the three children of migrant workers in cities the way out of compulsory education. Measures based on breaking the limits of urban and rural areas, elimination of discriminatory education, to institutionalize the policy in the form of fixed and effective implementation of the children of migrant workers to solve the problem of compulsory education, protection of migrant workers the right to education of children, of the compulsory education Fairness and human thinking. Key words: children of migrant workers; household registration system; compulsory education, legal and education system.

目 录

摘要III

AbstractIV

前 言1

一、城市农民工子女义务教育问题的背景2

（一）农民工子女义务教育问题的由来2

（二）农民工子女接受义务教育的现状3

二、 城市农民工子女义务教育存在的主要问题及原因5

（一）城市农民工子女义务教育存在的主要问题5

1、义务教育体制落后、指导思想边缘化5

2、入读公办学校困难，“农民工子弟”学校环境差5

（二）城市农民工子女义务教育问题的原因分析7

1、户籍制度限制给农民工流动子女的义务教育带来的巨大障碍7

2、 城市义务教育资源不足以及实施过程中的力度不够7

三、城市农民工子女义务教育问题的出路10

（一）加快城乡户籍制度改革，为农民工子女上学扫清制度障碍10

（二）实行以流入地政府为主的财政供给制度，合理分摊农民工子女的教育成本10

（四）实现“教育卷”凭证模式，建立农民工子女助学基金12

（五）为农民工子女义务教育营造一个公平教育的良好社会环境和推进的法制化进程12

结 论14

参考文献16

致 谢17